The Electric Car or Electric vehicle is the future medium of the transportation system in the whole world. Are you know how do electric cars work? In this post, we are going to know how do electric cars work?
What is Electric Car?
Electric Car is a vehicle or automobile that use Electric Drive system for its operation that means it propelled by Electric motors.How do electric cars work?
Working of a simple Electric Car:
At first, we will discuss about the simple electric car. A simple electric car mainly has a battery for storing electrical energy, a controller, a charger circuit and two motors. The controller is used for speed control and changing the direction of the car.
How Tesla Cars Works?
Now we will learn about the simple construction and working of Tesla cars. These cars have a three-phase Induction motor, battery(has more than 6000 cells), inverter, charging circuit. As you know induction motor can run on AC supply, so the inverter circuit is used for convert DC to three-phase AC. The regenerative braking system is used in this car. So during this breaking battery will be charged.
Types of Electrical Vehicles:
Battery Electric Vehicles(BEV): This type of cars has only the Electric Drive system no Mechanical Drive system that means it has only electric motors that run by the power supply of the rechargeable battery. This type of cars has no IC or Gasoline engine.
Examples of Battery Electric Vehicle:
Tesla Model S, Tesla X, BMW i3
Hybrid Electric Vehicles(HEV): This type of cars has both electric and mechanical drive system that's why they are called Hybrid Electric Vehicles. They have both electric motors and petrol or diesel engine. When these cars are driven by the IC engine battery will charge by the Regenerative Braking system. So these cars can be driven by the electric motors with the battery. Remember that these cars cannot be charge externally.
Example of Hybrid Electric Vehicle:
Honda Civic Hybrid
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles(PHEV): This type of vehicles same as Hybrid Electric Vehicles. The also has both electric and mechanical drive system. The difference these cars can be charged externally.
BMW i8, Hyundai Sonata
Advantages of Electric Cars:
Electric Car has many advantages like these cars are noise free, pollution free, very simple mechanism, very less weight, simple braking system, regenerative braking system etc. There are many types of electric cars are there.
The main Disadvantage of Electric Cars:
The main disadvantage of an electric car is charging. I am trying to say that most of the electrical power generation is based on Thermal power plant which pollutes our environment so using electric car also pollutes our environment indirectly. If we solar energy then this problem will be solved.
The growth of Electric Car in the World:
The growth of electric cars increases very fastly in the whole world. The concept of the electric car is not new it is very old but due to low efficiency, the low-quality battery it is it was not preferable than mechanical drive cars but nowadays it's growth increases.
You can read our other electrical and electronics related articles in which you are interested. Our articles may be helpful for you. The link is given below.
Mr. Muhammad Saqib, M.Sc. (PAK), Research Fellow (PAK), a member of IEEE, is a Fulbright Alumnus and earned his Master’s Degree in Electrical and Power Engineering from University Of Engineering And Technology Taxila, PAKISTAN.
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