How CPU fan works, BrushLess DC motor
What inside a CPU fan?
We are all already seen that in Motherboards, CPUs, and other many electrical and electronics devices DC fans are installed for the colling purpose. Let's know about this and its constructions, working principle.
The DC fans which are installed in the Motherboards, CPU and other many electrical and electronic devices use brushless DC motor or BLDC motor, which is electronically commuted motor.
Construction of Brushless DC motor:
Each motor has a rotor part and a stator part.
Stator: In the stator part the armature coil is placed. And a Hall-effect sensor also placed in the stator. The windings are arranged in either Star or Delta.
Rotor: The rotor part is very simple. It has a cylindrical permanent magnet. The blades are attached to it. The cylindrical permanent magnet rotates around the armature. The rotor has no. of poles, 2 poles or 4 poles or 6 poles or 8 poles. A heavy magnetic material is used in the rotor for producing high torque.
Working Principle of BLDC Motor:
The working principle of this type of motor is very simple. When we applied DC voltage in the stator coil it will produce magnetic flux and becomes a electro-magnates. The opposite poles of the stator and rotor are attracted to each other and therefore the rotor moves. The hall-effect sensor used to run the motor and it detects the position of the rotor by which it energized the coils in a sequence in order to rotate the motor.
In some motors, the rotor is placed inside the stator and in some motors, the stator is placed inside the rotor.
Advantages of BLDC Motor:
This types of motors are highly efficient. This types of motors can produce a large amount of torque. The operation of this types of motors very smooth. Its speed is very high.
Applications of BLDC Motor:
1. This type of motors is used for cooling purpose in Electrical and Electronics devices.
2. This type of motors is used in Robotics, automotive etc.
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Mr. Muhammad Saqib, M.Sc. (PAK), Research Fellow (PAK), a member of IEEE, is a Fulbright Alumnus and earned his Master’s Degree in Electrical and Power Engineering from University Of Engineering And Technology Taxila, PAKISTAN.
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