What is Binary Coding? Concepts of Binary Number.
Are you know what is Binary, what is binary coding? When the concepts of Binary Number came. This post will give you a different knowledge of binary.
The Transistor is very very important and useful device. Every smartphone, Computers, laptops, tablets and many others electronic devices, gadgets are made by Transistors. Nowadays each electronics devices has digital circuits and digital circuit means binary operation. In this post, you will know about the concept of binary, the relation between binary coding and transistor.
Before reading this post you must know How a Transistor works. If you do not know how a transistor works, read the post Working of a Transistor, use of Transistor.
When the transistor not discovered, we used vacuum tubes which were these bulky evacuated glass bulbs. The triode vacuum tube consisted of three parts, the cathode, grid, and anode. When a current is passed through the cathode it begins to heat up, and it releases electrons. As there are no gases in the tube the electrons have very little resistance to their movement and they are attracted to the positively charged anode. This completes the circuit and current flows through it. We can manipulate this flow of electrons in many ways with the grid.
We can use it as a switch. If we connect a light bulb here it will only light up when there is a positive voltage across the grid. And when we apply a negative voltage the negative charge will repel electrons trying to pass through. This concept gives birth to binary coding, which is the 1 and 0 and subsequently digital information. Here 1 means positive voltage and 0 means negative voltage. 1 turns the light on, 0 turns it off.
We can use it as a switch. If we connect a light bulb here it will only light up when there is a positive voltage across the grid. And when we apply a negative voltage the negative charge will repel electrons trying to pass through. This concept gives birth to binary coding, which is the 1 and 0 and subsequently digital information. Here 1 means positive voltage and 0 means negative voltage. 1 turns the light on, 0 turns it off.
Transistor also has the function very similar to the vacuum tube. Modern electronic devices like mobiles, computers, laptops have billion of Transistors, which perform the same job as the vacuum tubes.
Let's know how a computer does all these complex tasks that we see today. Let's look at a very basic example. Let's add two numbers together. At first, we have to learn how numbers are represented in binary, it is 1 and 0 which is used to store the data. This number is 15, which with 4 bits you can represent the largest number. The first bit represents 1, represents the next 2, then 4 and finally 8, which adds to the 5th. This pattern continues with each successive bit which indicates the last time, so if we add an extra bit, then we can count to 31. Let's add 5 and 6 together. To do this, we want a circuit that will keep 1 in 1 position in 1 position and 1 will go forward when both will be 1, as you can see that it will give us number 11. A Half Adder circuit which is a very simple digital circuit that can do this. There are two types of logic gates in this circuit, these are the tools that can modify the binary code, they are made using the transistor. The first XOR logic gate, which gives only 1, is one of the inputs, if both are 0 or 1 then it gives 0. The second logic gate is another gate, which gives 0 for everything except the input is 1.
Modern computers, laptops, mobiles can perform millions of calculations per second.
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Mr. Muhammad Saqib, M.Sc. (PAK), Research Fellow (PAK), a member of IEEE, is a Fulbright Alumnus and earned his Master’s Degree in Electrical and Power Engineering from University Of Engineering And Technology Taxila, PAKISTAN.
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